Labyrinthitis

What is Labyrinthitis?

Labyrinthitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the labyrinth, a part of the inner ear that helps control balance and hearing. This inflammation can lead to symptoms such as vertigo (a sensation of spinning), dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss.

• Vertigo: The most common symptom, a sensation that you or your surroundings are spinning or moving (nausea and vomiting often accompany vertigo) 
• Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or unsteady. 
• Balance problems: Difficulty maintaining balance, especially during movement 
• Hearing loss 
• Tinnitus 
• A Feeling of pressure in the ear 

Labyrinthitis is often caused by a viral infection, such as a cold or flu virus, which spreads to the inner ear. Bacterial infections can also cause labyrinthitis, although they are less common. Other potential causes include allergies, head injuries, and certain medications that affect the inner ear. In very rare cases autoimmune disorders can also cause labyrinthitis.

Diagnosing labyrinthitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and some objective tests (Audiological evaluation, VNG, VEMP). The healthcare professional may also order some imaging scans (such as MRI or CT scans) to rule out other possible causes of your symptoms.

Treatment for labyrinthitis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. In some cases (acute phase), labyrinthitis resolves on its own without specific treatment.  But in some cases, the symptoms may prolong and require some specific treatment. It involves Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy to regain balance. 

Some of the supportive treatments and strategies may include; 

• Medication to relieve symptoms such as nausea, dizziness and vertigo. 
• Avoiding triggers (certain activities such as bright lights or loud sounds) may worsen symptoms, so it’s important to avoid such triggers whenever possible. 
• If labyrinthitis is caused by a bacterial infection or another underlying condition, treating that condition may help alleviate symptoms. 
• In severe cases of labyrinthitis or when symptoms persist despite treatment, other interventions such as Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy may be recommended. 
• Use of amplification devices (Hearing Aids) in cases with permanent hearing loss due to Labyrinthitis.